Why do they lay underground internet cables in ocean?

The internet cables laid under the ocean are part of a global network of submarine communication cables, often referred to as submarine or undersea cables. These cables are essential for international communication and the functioning of the internet. Here are several reasons why these cables are laid underwater:

1. International Connectivity: Submarine cables connect different countries and continents, providing the infrastructure for international communication. They enable the exchange of data, voice, and video traffic between regions.

2. High Capacity: Submarine cables can carry large amounts of data at high speeds. This high capacity is crucial for handling the enormous volume of internet traffic that flows between continents.

3. Reliability: Submarine cables are more reliable than alternative methods of long-distance communication, such as satellite communication. They are less susceptible to interference and environmental factors, leading to more consistent and stable connectivity.

4. Low Latency: Submarine cables provide low-latency communication, meaning there is minimal delay in the transmission of data. This low latency is crucial for applications such as online gaming, video conferencing, and financial transactions.

5. Cost-Effective: While the initial installation of submarine cables can be expensive, they are generally more cost-effective in the long run compared to other alternatives. The high bandwidth and long lifespan of these cables make them a cost-efficient choice for international communication.

6. Private Networks: Many submarine cables are laid by private telecommunication companies to establish their own high-capacity networks for carrying data between their data centers and facilities in different regions.

7. Global Interconnectedness: Submarine cables contribute to the interconnectedness of the global economy and facilitate international collaboration in research, business, and various other fields.

The process of laying submarine cables involves specialized ships and equipment. The cables are typically buried under the ocean floor to protect them from various threats, including fishing activities and natural events. Overall, submarine cables play a crucial role in enabling the global communication infrastructure that supports the modern internet.